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• Problems with retrieval of common words
• Use generic language: non-specific labels
• Misuse words with similar phonetic structure (such as on for in)
• Use creative language or “made-up” terms to compensate for word retrieval challenges
• Frequently says, “um,” “you know,” or other fillers to buy time
• Frequently says, “I don’t know” or “I forgot”
• Verbal repetition or rehearsal
• Inconsistent and inefficient learning. Needs a great deal of review.
• May recognize language errors but can’t fix them
• Incomplete sentences or thoughts
• Problems with social skills and pragmatics
• Disruptive behavior
• Average or near average IQ and vocabulary with academic difficulties |
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Auditory Processing Skills:
Auditory processing skills are basic to listening and communication. They are sequential in development, yet highly integrated.
Sensation:
The ability to identify the presence of sound
Discrimination:
The ability to discriminate between sounds of different frequencies, length, or volume (high/low, long/short, loud/soft).
Localization:
The ability to judge where a sound is coming from in relation to the listener’s position in space. Being able to determine where a sound is coming from contributes to the person’s sense of safety and well-being, orientation, social skills, and general listening efficiency.
Auditory Attention:
The ability to direct attention to relevant sound, particularly speech, and sustain that attention for an amount of time appropriate for the listener’s age level. Individuals with CAPD often lose auditory attention due to fatigue and auditory overload.
Auditory Figure-Ground:
The ability to identify and focus on the most important auditory stimulus, discriminating it from background noise. In a classroom, there are many competing noises. The student must be able to focus on the teacher’s voice as the primary signal and let other noises fade into the background. When competing noise becomes too great, or when the student’s filtering system is weak, the student may experience auditory overload and confusion.
Phonemic Awareness:
The ability to judge the number, order, and Identity of sounds in words.
Auditory Closure:
The ability to understand the whole world or message when part is missing. In noisy environments, this skill is often used to comprehend what is being said. Individuals with a rich language and experience base will find this much easier than those with weak or developing language skills.
Auditory Synthesis:
The ability to blend sounds or syllables into words. This is critical for reading.
Auditory Analysis:
The ability to identify phonemes or morphemes embedded in words. This skill is important for spelling and for distinguishing important meaning markers, such as verb tenses (worked vs. works) that may be acoustically distorted or masked by background noise.
Auditory Association:
The ability to identify and attach meaning to an acoustic signal, and associate it with its source, an experience, or a label. This is a fundamental skill for developing auditory memory.
Auditory Memory:
The ability to take-in, hold, and recall what is heard. Auditory memory skills involve both short and long-term recall. Auditory short term memory is the ability to retain auditory information that is immediately presented. Auditory sequential memory is the ability to recall the order of a series of details.
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